Which items are the three Graham factors?

Which items are the three Graham factors?

• A. Severity of crime; Immediate threat to safety; Active resistance
• B. Suspect age; Weather; Time of day
• C. Number of officers; Location; Weapon type
• D. Witness credibility; Evidence strength; Jurisdiction

Answer: (A)

The three Graham factors come from evaluating use-of-force incidents by the perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene, using the totality of the circumstances. The key questions are: how severe is the crime the suspect is suspected of committing; does the suspect pose an immediate threat to the safety of officers or others; and is the suspect actively resisting or attempting to evade arrest. These factors determine how much force is considered reasonable in a given situation. The option that lists Severity of crime, Immediate threat to safety, and Active resistance matches exactly how reasonableness is assessed. The other sets include elements like weather, time of day, number of officers, location, weapon type, or juristic/process factors that aren’t the formal Graham tests for evaluating reasonable force.

The three Graham factors come from evaluating use-of-force incidents by the perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene, using the totality of the circumstances. The key questions are: how severe is the crime the suspect is suspected of committing; does the suspect pose an immediate threat to the safety of officers or others; and is the suspect actively resisting or attempting to evade arrest. These factors determine how much force is considered reasonable in a given situation. The option that lists Severity of crime, Immediate threat to safety, and Active resistance matches exactly how reasonableness is assessed. The other sets include elements like weather, time of day, number of officers, location, weapon type, or juristic/process factors that aren’t the formal Graham tests for evaluating reasonable force.